Portrait of Louis XIV

Hyacinthe Rigaud's Portrait of Louis XIV is the quintessential image of absolute monarchy and one of the most famous state portraits ever painted. Completed in 1701, it depicts the Sun King at the age of 63, standing in full coronation regalia with an air of supreme confidence and majesty.

The king is shown wearing the royal blue mantle embroidered with golden fleur-de-lis, lined with ermine fur, draped elegantly over his left arm. He holds the scepter in his right hand, while the crown and the hand of justice rest on a cushion nearby. His famous red-heeled shoes and silk stockings display his still-shapely dancer's legs, of which he was notably proud. The enormous ermine-lined mantle cascades around him, its weight and luxurious texture rendered with astonishing skill.

Originally painted as a gift for Louis XIV's grandson, Philip V of Spain, the king was so pleased with the result that he kept the original for himself and had a copy made for Philip. The portrait established a template for royal portraiture that was emulated across Europe for the next century and remains the definitive image of Louis XIV's reign.